BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence and severity of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH) in a large cohort of older adults presenting with low-energy falls and the association with anticoagulation or antiplatelet medication. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/FK-506-(Tacrolimus).html DESIGN Bicentric retrospective cohort analysis. SETTING Two level 1 trauma centers in Switzerland and Germany. PARTICIPANTS Consecutive sample of older adults (aged ?65?y) presenting to the emergency department (ED) over a 1-year period with low-energy falls who received cranial computed tomography (cCT) within 48?hours of ED presentation. MEASUREMENTS The prevalence and severity of tICHs was assessed and the outcomes (in-hospital mortality, admission to intensive care unit [ICU], or neurosurgical intervention) were specified. We used multivariate regression models to measure the association between anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy and the risk for tICH after adjustment for known predictors. RESULTS The overall prevalence for tICH detected by cCT was 176 of 2567 (6.9es, visible injuries above the clavicles were the strongest clinical predictors for tICH. Our findings merit prospective validation. © 2020 The American Geriatrics Society.INTRODUCTION The associations of epidural analgesia and low Apgar score found in the Swedish Registry might be a result of confounding by indication. The objective of this study was to assess the possible effect of intrapartum epidural analgesia on low Apgar score and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in term born singletons with propensity score matching. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a propensity score matched study (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;257&nbsp;872) conducted in a national cohort of 715&nbsp;449 term live born singletons without congenital anomalies in the Netherlands. Mothers with prelabor cesarean section were excluded. Main outcome measures were 5-minute Apgar score less then 7, 5-minute Apgar score less then 4 and admission to a NICU for at least 24&nbsp;hours. First, an analysis of the underlying risk factors for low Apgar score less then 7 was performed. Multivariable analyses were applied to assess the effect of the main risk factor, intrapartum epidural analgesia, on low Apgar score to adjust the results for confos then 7 were also significantly increased for spontaneous start of labor (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.8-2.1) and for spontaneous delivery. CONCLUSIONS Intrapartum epidural analgesia at term is strongly associated with low Apgar score and more NICU admissions, especially in spontaneous deliveries. This association needs further research and awareness. © 2020 The Authors. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NFOG).BACKGROUND Salvador was one of the Brazilian cities most affected during the 2015 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed with enrolment of parturients and their newborns. RESULTS Positive IgM antibodies for ZIKV, dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) were present in 6.9, 11.9 and 22.8% of the parturients, and IgG antibodies were detected in 72.3, 92.3 and 38.6%, respectively. No cases of DENV congenital infection were identified. ZIKV and CHIKV congenital infections were observed in 16.5 and 13% of newborns, respectively. CONCLUSIONS High exposure rates to the three arboviruses and the identification of newborns with ZIKV and CHIKV congenital infections reinforces the necessity of ZIKV and CHIKV prenatal and neonatal screening in endemic regions. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.OBJECTIVE Capsaicin is a widely utilized experimental pain stimulus; however, few studies have reported on ethnic differences in pain responses to capsaicin. The present study used infrared thermography to 1) measure differences in capsaicin-induced neurogenic flare between non-Hispanic black (NHB) and non-Hispanic white (NHW) adults and 2) determine the association between neurogenic flare and secondary hyperalgesia. METHODS Fifty-four participants (NHB N?=?28) underwent heat/capsaicin sensitization model procedures. Neurogenic flare was examined using experimenter (i.e., subjective) and thermography (i.e., objective) measurements. A typically nonpainful mechanical punctate probe was used to measure secondary hyperalgesia. RESULTS Ethnic groups did not significantly differ in age, sex, marital status, or personal income. Although experimenters rated a significantly wider area of capsaicin-related neurogenic flare among NHW compared with NHB participants (F1, 52 = 8.33, P = 0.006), thermography results showedserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.Multidrug-resistance associated protein 4 (Mrp4) is an efflux transporter involved in the active transport of several endogenous and exogenous chemicals. Previously, we have shown that hepatic Mrp4 expression increases following acetaminophen overdose. In mice, these increases in Mrp4 expression are observed specifically in hepatocytes undergoing active proliferation. From this, we hypothesized that Mrp4 plays a key role in hepatocyte proliferation and that lack of Mrp4 impedes liver regeneration following liver injury and/or tissue loss. To evaluate the role of Mrp4 in these processes, we employed 2/3rd partial hepatectomy (PH) as an experimental liver regeneration model. In this study, we performed PH-surgery on male wildtype (WT, C57BL/6J) and Mrp4 knockout (Mrp4 KO) mice. Plasma and liver tissues were collected at 24, 48 and 72?hr post-surgery and evaluated for liver injury and liver regeneration endpoints, and for PH-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. Our results show that lack of Mrp4 did not alter hepatocyte proliferation and liver injury following PH as evaluated by Ki-67 antigen staining and plasma ALT levels. To our surprise, Mrp4 KO mice exhibited increased hepatic lipid content, in particular, di- and triglyceride levels. Gene expression analysis showed that lack of Mrp4 upregulated hepatic lipin1 and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 and 2 gene expression, which are involved in the synthesis of di- and triglycerides. Our observations indicate that lack of Mrp4 prolonged PH-induced hepatic steatosis in mice and suggest that Mrp4 may be a novel genetic factor in the development of hepatic steatosis. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oup.com.